In these uncertain times we face many challenges with emissions reductions across the board. This includes our road networks and major cities. With public health concerns from respiritory deseases on the rise due to bad air quality many major cities around the globle are now inforcing ulta low emissions zones in an effort to clean up their air. These measures included fines for driving into these zones with vehicles that do not meet specific standards and in some cases a complete ban on said vehicles.

Electrification is often cited as  a tangible answer to this problem. However there are still many concerns and technological barriers to a fully electrified road network. The first being the associated expense of changing your vehicle for a brand new fully electric one. The second is the limitations with charging stations in built up areas that do not provide enough space for parking let alone charging facilities. Lastly (but not least) it is dubious if power grids can ultimately meet the new demands required during peak charging times – if all road vehicles were to become electric.